History/1710
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World History Timeline - 1710
Ending the War of the Spanish Succession, the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 embodies the new balance of power which aims to prevent any one state from gaining dominance in Europe.
In Britain, Queen Anne is succeeded by the prince of Hanover, great-grandson of James I, who will reign as George I. He knows no English.
Afghanistan gains independence from Persia after the latter tries unsuccessfully to quell an Afghan rebellion.
Many years of religious strife and crop failure prompt thousands of Germans from the Palatinate to migrate to England and then to the American colonies; over 3,000 arrive in 1710 alone.
The South Sea Company receives a charter to import 4,800 African slaves annually to Spain's territories in the Western Hemisphere.
A slave rebellion in New York in 1712 leads to the death of six whites and the execution of 12 black slaves.
The Spectator, which begins publication in 1711, is one of a large number of the newfangled periodicals that take England by storm; by 1780, there will be 158 such journals, up from 25 in 1700.
The harpooning of a sperm whale, a first for modern man, sparks the whaling industry, which will produce ivory, candles, glycerin, and the perfume ingredient ambergris.
Composer George Frederick Handel, 27, moves from Germany to England, where he will spend the rest of his life.
Literary works published include George Berkeley's philosophical treatise that inaugurated subjective idealism; Alexander Pope's Essay on Criticism; and Bernard Mandeville's Fable of the Bees.
Osei Tutu, King of the Ashanti, is killed after a reign that solidified his power in West Africa.
Physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit invents a thermometer that uses mercury instead of alcohol.
After a reign of 72 years, the powerful Sun King of France, Louis XIV, dies in 1715 at age 76.
Jacobites Henry St. John and the sixth earl of Mar lead an uprising in 1715 to restore James Stuart to the English throne; the rising garners much support but is defeated the following year.
Britain, France, the Holy Roman Empire, and the Netherlands form the Quadruple Alliance to force Philip V of Spain to adhere to the terms of the Treaty of Utrecht.
English troops defeat Native American tribes in South Carolina and force them across the border into Spanish Florida.
New Orleans is founded by the Sieur de Bienville in 1718.
The Bank of England, founded in 1694, issues the first English bank notes, which will help ensure England's continued financial and political stability.
Daniel Defoe writes The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, based loosely on the experiences of Scottish mariner Alexander Selkirk.
The Collegiate School of Saybrook, Connecticut, is renamed Yale University after a major donor and moved to New Haven.
Christianity is outlawed in China.
The Tokugawa family maintains its control of Japan, and in 1716, a new shogun, Yoshimune, comes to power and will launch irrigation projects and permit the introduction of Western books into Japan.
Scottish financierJohn Law attempts to reform the French economy and establish a central bank. His efforts will soon fail due to massive speculation, and this setback to fiscal reform will haunt the Gallic superpower throughout the century.
Famed pirate Blackbeard (Edward Teach) is killed in North Carolina.
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