History/1340
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World History Timeline - 1340
People returning to Europe from China bring fleas carrying the bubonic plague which gets its name from the victims' characteristic buboes, or enlarged lymph glands, ravages Tatar forces who prey on Genoese merchants returning from China.
With the death of Emperor Andronicus III Palaeologus in 1341, civil war breaks out in the Byzantine Empire. John Cantacuzene, the guardian of Andronicus' young son and successor, John V Palaeologus, creates a power base in Thrace and challenges the son's succession.
French surgeon Guy de Chauliac writes his Inventorius sive Collectorium Partis Chirurgicalis Medicinae, which discusses treatment of fractures with slings and weights, operations on hernias and cataracts, and excisions of superficial growths.
The Dialogues of William of Occam lays the foundation for modern theories on separation of church and state.
England's military power is well established during the Battle of Crécy when Edward III's army - which contains 10,000 longbowmen, crushes France's cavalry near Abbeville in August 1346.
In 1348, the Black Death or bubonic plague, devastates Europe in what is perhaps the greatest crisis the Continent will ever face. When this wave is over, one third of the entire European population will die. England's misery during the plague is intensified in 1348 when the island experiences its third cold and wet summer in a row. Crop yield is poor and food is short, making people more vulnerable to disease.
Persia's Ilkhan Nushirwan dies in 1349. His death ends the Mongol Dynasty begun by Hulagu in the mid-13th century.
Alarmed at the revolutionary character of the flagellants, some of whom blame Jews, the rich, and the Church for the Black Death, Pope Clement VI issues a bull in an attempt to tame the movement.
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