History/1320
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World History Timeline - 1320
In 1320, Shah Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlak establishes the Muslim Tughlak Dynasty, which will rule western India until 1413, after overcoming the Khaljis, who have held power since 1290. He moves the capital from Delhi to Tughlakabad.
The paper industry that is developing in Mainz, Germany, in 1320 will lead to the production of paper money in Europe. The Chinese had used paper currency in the 13th century, but abandoned it in the 14th when the notes outpaced treasury reserves. The production of paper in Germany also transforms written communication. Paper provides an alternative medium to vellum, which was expensive and not easily available.
Dante Alighieri, the famous poet who cultivated the vernacular Italian language, dies in Ravenna in 1321.
The Treaty of Northampton of 1323, between Scotland and England, recognizes Robert the Bruce's claim to the Scottish throne. It also arranges the marriage of Bruce's son, David, to Edward II's daughter Joanna.
Pope John XXII canonizes the famous Dominican theologian Thomas Aquinas in 1323.
Marsilius of Padua writes his Defensor Pacis, a juridical treatise that criticizes papal domination of worldly affairs. In 1327, Marsilius is excommunicated for his position but enjoys the protection of Louis IV the Bavarian for the remainder of his natural life.
The roots of Mexico City are planted when the Aztecs found the city of Tenochtitlan.
Aided by her lover, Roger de Mortimer, Queen Isabelle of England, wife of Edward II, invades her husband's Kingdom in 1326. Edward is captured and imprisoned in Kenilworth Castle. In 1327, Edward II is forced by Isabelle and Mortimer to abdicate in favor of his son, the future Edward III. The King is moved to Berkeley Castle and, in a symbolic act, is murdered when a red-hot poker is inserted into his anus.
Scotland's Robert the Bruce dies of leprosy in 1329. His son, David II, will reign until 1371.
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