History/1280
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World History Timeline - 1280
In 1280, Marco Polo travels to Hangchow, which Polo says surpasses in greatness all the other cities in the world. Polo is particularly struck by the pleasures available, such as spices and silks.
Kublai Khan invites to China men from Egypt who can improve Chinese techniques of refining sugar.
In 1281, Kublai Khan launches a second invasion of Japan and -as in 1274-a typhoon destroys most of the invasion fleet. The Japanese begin to call typhoons kamikaze- divine winds.
Llewelyn II, prince of North Wales, leads a second rebellion against Edward I in 1282. Llewelyn is killed in battle and the English conquer Wales.
In 1282, in a church outside Palermo, at the hour of vespers, a rebellion begins in Sicily against Charles of Anjou, King of Naples and Sicily, who is imposing heavy taxes on his population. The revolt becomes known as the Sicilian Vespers.
On the heels of the Sicilian Vespers, Sicilian noblemen invite Pedro III, King of Aragon, to make his claim to the Sicilian crown. (Pedro is married to the daughter of Manfred, a now deceased Sicilian King.) Pedro arrives in Palermo in fall 1282.
In 1284, Kublai Khan invades Vietnam. The attack is repelled by guerillas organized by Tran Hung Dao.
In 1284, the first silver ducats are coined in Venice, which is busily trading with the East.
Romans begin to consume ravioli.
Charles of Anjou dies in 1285. Succession is complicated by the fact that Charles' son, Charles the Lame, is a prisoner of the King of Aragon, a contender for the Sicilian crown.
Kublai Khan sends an invasion army to Burma in 1287.
In 1288, Charles the Lame is released by Alfonso III, successor to the late Pedro III of Aragon, on the condition that Charles retain Naples alone and that Sicily remain a Kingdom of the Aragonese monarchy.
Pope Nicholas IV meets with Charles the Lame in 1289. Nicholas absolves Charles of the promises he made to Alfonso III, crowns Charles King of Naples and Sicily, and excommunicates Alfonso III.
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