History/1130
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World History Timeline - 1130
In 1130, Pope Honorius II dies, beginning a schism when Innocent II is elected to succeed, but Roger II of Sicily supports antipope Anacletus II. Innocent flees to France, and Anacletus crowns Roger King.
Antipope Anacletus II fails to get support from the laity of Europe, primarily because his father is a converted Jew.
Durham Cathedral is completed in 1133 after a 37-year building campaign.
Germany's House of Brandenburg begins in 1134 when Holy Roman Emperor Lothair II makes Albrecht the Bear head of the Nordmark. Albrecht establishes the house of Anhalt.
In the year 1134 in Castile, the Pontifical University of Salamanca begins.
In 1135, King Henry I of England dies, and his nephew, Stephen of Blois, succeeds him. Henry's daughter, Matilda (widow of Holy Roman Emperor Henry V and now married to Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou), opposes Stephen and asserts her right to the throne.
In 1136, Peter Abelard writes the Historia Calamitatum, in which he describes his love affair with Heloise.
In the year 1136, Abbot Suger completes the abbey church of Saint-Denis in northern Paris. The church's pointed arches and rose and clerestory windows are the architectural stamps of the Gothic style.
Louis VII ascends to the throne of France when his father, Louis VI, dies in 1137. The new King marries Eleanor, heiress to the Aquitaine, an immensely rich territory.
Civil war begins in England when Matilda lands at Arundel with an army to support her claim to the throne against her cousin, Stephen, in 1139.
Portugal becomes independent of the Moors when the forces of Alfonso Henriques defeat them. Portugal's identity as a sovereign state begins to gel.
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